Module 4
Uses of TERMINATIONS
- A term can be composed entirely of a prefix + a termination.
ageusia "lack of a sense of taste"
hyperosmia "greater than normal sense of smell"
- Some terminations are sometimes used as separate words.
-necrosis dermonecrosis
necrosis laryngeal necrosis
-therapy hydrotherapy
therapy gene therapy
Vocabulary
- potential difficulties
- help with remembering the terms
- etymology (the history of a term) [ this is testable material]
Anatomical Roots
choroid
chorioeides [Grk] "skin-like"
cor-, core-, pupill- "pupil"
kore ("maiden" grek.) pupilla ("doll", Lat.)
dacry-, lacrim- "tear"
Indo-European: dakru
-> dakry- (dacry-) [Grk]
-> "d" changd to "l" [Ltn]
lacru
lacruma
lacrima
ir- , irid- "iris"
Iris, goddess of rainbows
kerat-, cerat- [Grk]
cornu-, corne- [Ltn] terms for "cornea"
word means "horn" - hardness, curvature
the cornea is hornlike, and it has curvature, which is why these
greek terms were used to represent cornea
"eye" ophthalm-
pronunciation: "off-thalm" (not "op-thalm")
phac-, phak- [Grk] lent- [Ltn] "lentil"
shape of a lens
scler- skleros [Grk] "hard"
term for sclera
-sclerosis "hardening"
"hardening of x"
Ear terminology
- malleus (A "hammer" which strikes an) [Ltn]
- incus ("anvil" upon which the) [Ltn]
- stapes ( "stirrups" are made.) [Ltn]
ERROR on the Mod. 4 Vocab. List:
tympan- ear drum: tympanum;
middle ear, including the eardrum, malleus, stapes, and incus
tympanum - ear drum
labyrinthos [Grk]
connected with the Myth of theseus and the Minotaur
Theseus is a prince in Athens, at the time the people who lived in the island of Creet were the most powerful in the Medditteranean, and they wanted regular tributs of 10 young men andwomen,
Where they went to the island of Creet, put into a labrynth with one exit, no exits no lights, and in the labrynth lived a minotaur, who would then hunt and eat the 20 athenian youths.
Theseus convinced his father to let him do something about the situation, with the help of a Cretan Princess, he got into the labrynth, he put out a thread so he could find his way back, and lent him a sword.
Takes the Cretan princess, dumps her on an island on the way back.
…..anyways the part in the ear looks like a labrynth and so it is named.
cochle- "cochlea"
-snail [Grk]
Roots: The Human Being and Senses
The goddess Hygeia
hygien- "health"
"death"
necr- Always implies an unnatural death
-necrosis
nekros [Grk] "cropse"
thanat- No implications: just "death."
thanatos [grk] "death"
mort- No implications just "death"
mors [Ltn] "death"
ped-*
Mod.2: "foot"
Mod.4: "child"
ped- "foot"
Latin: pes, pedis (pedicure)
ped- paed- "child"
Greek: pais, paidos (pediatrician)
Terminations
-acousia -acousis
"sense of hearing" acoustics
While english has a t, the greek roots doesn't have a t.
-ectopia "malposition of"
-ectopy "displacement of"
ec + top + ia/y
ex-
"place"
"out of place
top - place
ex. topography , study of how places look
-geusia, -geustia "sense of taste"
gusto (Italian, Spanish)
gout (French)
-orexia, -orexis "appetite"
| -rrh | -rh |
| -rrhagia | -rhagia |
| -rrhage | -rhage |
| -rrhea | -rhea |
| -rrhexis | -rhexis |
| -rrhaphy | must be double r |
-rrhagia vs. -rrhea
Difference: relative speed and severity
-rrhagia sudden, swift, profuse (hemorrhage- happen quickly, lots of blood)
-rrhea (relatively) less severe or intense (diarrhea- happens less quickly)
-rrhaphy "suture of" think of the word "wrap" they are linguistically related
suturing of something (ex. stitches) , is like wrapping it up.
-therapy "treatment of"
therapeutes [Grk]
"servant, partic. one in temple of Asclepius"
People would go to the temple of A for healing, and there would be ppl there who aided them.
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